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North India · State

Punjab

Five rivers, an agricultural heartland, and the spiritual centre of Sikhism at the Golden Temple in Amritsar.

Capital
Chandigarh — Chandigarh is a union territory that serves as the shared capital of Punjab and Haryana.
Languages
Punjabi (official); Hindi; English — major and official languages, not an exclusive list.

Cultural traditions, arts & crafts

  • Bhangra and giddha folk dance
  • Phulkari — floss-silk darning embroidery on cotton
  • Gurbani kirtan and the langar community kitchen
  • Punjabi jutti footwear and durrie weaving

Major festivals

  • Baisakhi13–14 April
  • Gurpurab (Guru Nanak Jayanti)November (dates vary — verify current dates)
  • Hola Mohalla, Anandpur SahibMarch (dates vary — verify current dates)
Open the festival calendar for Punjab

Traditional dress & textiles

Dress varies by community, district, occasion and generation; everyday clothing today is often contemporary. These are representative traditions rather than a single state costume.

  • Salwar kameez with a dupatta, often phulkari-embroidered, is common women's dress
  • Men wear kurta-pyjama or kurta-tehmat; many Sikh men wear a dastaar (turban) as an article of faith
  • Punjabi juttis are worn by all genders at weddings

Where to go

Show Punjab on the explore map

Sources & verify

Last reviewed: August 2026. Cultural traditions in India vary by community, district, occasion and generation. The notes below are representative examples reviewed against government sources, not exhaustive or official definitions. Festival timings follow lunar or locally announced calendars — verify current dates with the relevant state tourism department before travelling.